Which bacteria are associated with mastitis?

The presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella spp., and Streptococcus spp. is well-documented in their association with mastitis. Staphylococcus aureus is particularly noteworthy as it is one of the most common pathogens responsible for both clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows and other mammals. It can cause significant inflammation and damage to the mammary tissue.

Pasteurella spp. are also known to contribute to infections in livestock and can inhabit the mammary gland, leading to mastitis under the right conditions, especially in cases of environmental stress or compromised immune function.

Streptococcus spp. includes multiple species that are implicated in mastitis, such as Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae. These bacteria produce toxins and enzymes that can damage the glandular tissue, leading to mastitis symptoms.

In contrast, the other options include bacteria that are less commonly associated with mastitis. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. are more commonly linked to systemic infections or foodborne illnesses rather than specifically targeting mammary tissue. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Clostridium spiriforme are not primarily associated with mastitis; Pseudomonas can